Electromagnetic potentials in curved spacetimes

Electromagnetic potentials allow for an alternative description of the Maxwell field, electric and magnetic components which emerge as gradients vector scalar potential. We provide a general relativistic analysis these potentials, by deriving their wave equations in arbitrary Riemannian spacetime containing generalised imperfect fluid. Some driving agents resulting formulae are explicitly due to curvature host spacetime. Focusing on implications non-Euclidean geometry, we look into linear evolution potential Friedmann universes with nonzero spatial curvature. Our results reveal qualitative difference between closed open models, solely triggered different geometry spacetimes. then consider interaction gravitational electromagnetic radiation effects former upon latter. In so doing, apply both Minkowski background study Weyl-Maxwell coupling at second perturbative level. solutions, low-density interstellar environments away from massive compact stars, resonant amplification gravitational-wave distortions.